«Onshore and offshore oil and gas well construction»

On-line control of a drilling technology. Optical fiber as a new measurement and communication tool for the conditions of directional wells drilling

UDC: 622.24:621.398
DOI: 10.33285/0130-3872-2023-5(365)-11-19

Authors:

¹ St. Petersburg Mining University, St. Petersburg, Russia
² Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia
³ PromAvtomatika-T, St. Petersburg, Russia

Keywords: fiber-optic telemetry, operational control, optical fiber, fiber-optic sensor, directional well, downhole telesystem, stress-strain state, drill string, high-speed telesystem

Annotation:

Due to the complication of wells construction conditions, caused by the development of hard-to-reach territories in the Arctic region and offshore fields, the requirements for automation of control and management of drilling parameters are increasing. Drilling rigs (DR), equipped by automated control systems (ACS), as a rule, monitor the operational characteristics of surface and deep-seated machines and mechanisms. When deepening vertical wells, based on the results of interpretation of surface and downhole sensors of telemetry systems of the bottom hole assembly (BHA), it is possible to predict the stress-strain state (SSS) with a sufficiently high accuracy. However, when drilling directional sections applying a rotary method or using hydraulic downhole motors as well as when developing complexly-composed profiles, the problem of the possibility of operational control, management and forecasting of the SSS of the drill string (DS) and its spatial position in the well remains unsolved. The solution of the problem of drilling process optimization aimed at reducing the non-productive time of drilling directional wells is possible by developing a technology for monitoring the tensile, compressive and torsional stresses of the DS along its entire length, taking into account the informative components of the "well bottom – well head" communication channel. Common communication channels do not provide sufficient control of the SSS and the position of the DSin the well. Optical fiber (OF), undeservedly ignored by the scientific and engineering oil and gas community, can become a tool for solving a number of urgent problems in the field of directional and deep drilling. The article suggests options for using fiber optic telemetry to improve the efficiency of directional wellsdrilling. Theoretical and experimental studies of signal attenuation depending on the length, number and type of detachable connections in the drilling mud environment are presented. The strength of the fiber optic cable depending on the depth and the material used for its sheath and hydraulic losses at different flow rates and parameters of the drilling fluid were calculated. The optimal conditions of using fiber optic telemetry for effective monitoring of wells drilling regime parameters are determined.

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