«Problems of economics and management of oil and gas complex»

Structural and sectorial features of thermal energy consumption at the scale of the Russian Federation economy

UDC: 338.984+622.691
DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2023-5(221)-5-17

Authors:

¹ South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, Russia

Keywords: world energy consumption, energy balances, energy efficiency, electric intensity of gross domestic product (GDP), temperatures in the countries of the world, thermal energy consumption, heat supply

Annotation:

The economy of the Russian Federation consumes more than 37 % of the world's heat production, while the country's share in the world gross domestic product (GDP) is only 1,7 %, which imposes a significant burden on all economic entities operating in the country, limits the ability to compete with products manufactured in Russia on the global markets. The scale of thermal energy consumption in Russia is also characterized by a lag of consumption efficiency level, thus emphasizing the high relevance of scientific research in the field of finding solutions to improve energy efficiency across Russia. Improving the energy efficiency of the Russian heat supply industry as well as improving the efficiency of the country's heat supply enterprises, will make a significant contribution to raising the level of the country's economic development. The article is devoted to the study of structural and sectorial features of thermal energy consumption on the scale of the Russian economy, and in the context of federal districts and regions of the country. The materials provide an empirical analysis of the structure of energy resources used to provide heat supply in Russia, the structure of heat energy consumption in Russia by main sectors of the economy, the actual consumption of electricity and heat per unit of certain types of products and services produced in Russia, the degree of depreciation of fixed assets by types of economic activities, volumes of supplied thermal energy and the structure of its supply to the regions of Russia, dynamics of changes of thermal energy consumption in Russia for the period 2000–2020. The structure of fuel and energy resources consumption for heating in Russia shows, firstly, the heterogeneity of the volumes of thermal energy consumption in various federal districts and regions of Russia, secondly, the difference in the structure of fuel and energy resources consumption for thermal energy production, thirdly, the different structure of the types of sources performing the thermal energy production; fourthly, the heterogeneity of the structure of the types of thermal energy end consumers. The dynamics of heat supply in Russia for the period 2000–2020 is characterized by a constant decline, which is also associated with the implementation of energy efficiency measures as well as the gradual replacement of district heating systems by local ones. All these features affect the heterogeneity of energy efficiency level of individual territories heat supply, which should be taken into account when developing and implementing energy saving programs and improving energy efficiency in the field of heat supply in Russia.

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