«Environmental protection in oil and gas complex»

RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF SELF-PURIFICATION OF OIL-CONTAMINATED BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF SMALL RIVERS

UDC: 574.52:574.587:504.054
DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2021-4(301)-23-28

Authors:

¹ National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University", Moscow, Russian Federation

Keywords: bio-indication; hydrobionts; deep oil pollution; bottom sediments; zoobenthos

Annotation:

The paper presents the results of a study of the zoo-benthos species composition of and the complexity of the benthos communities’ structural organization in the Uda River of the Baikal River System (Ulan-Ude) in order to study the patterns of bottom sediments self-purification. The biotic mechanism of the biocenosis formation, involved in self-purification processes (tubificids and gastropods) was revealed. The studies carried out indicate the applicability of a number of indicators for characterizing water quality (Shannon's species diversity index, Pantle – Bucca saprobity index as modified by Sladecek, Woodiwiss' biotic index). A premise has been obtained about possible achievement of the polluted bottom sediments by oil products of more than 600 g/kg in the absence of spontaneous release of oil films onto the water surface. A structural and logical diagram of oil pollution formation has been developed, illustrating the degree of impact of the petrochemical industry on various components of the environment during the spread of oil pollution. The trends of intensification of bottom sediments cleaning are established as one of the approaches to the river system restoration.

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