Artificial intelligence in global energy: economic effects of digital transformation
UDC: 004.8:620.9
DOI: -
Authors:
PSHENICHNYY VITALIY M.
1
1 National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University", Moscow, Russia
Keywords: power system, digital economy, data center, artificial intelligence, baseload, energy storage, nuclear generation, renewables, hourly attribution, PUE/ERE, economic effect, transformation of the energy business
Annotation:
The aim of this scientific article is to present an integrated model of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data on the energy sector through the lens of demand (data centers, computing clusters), supply (generation mix and flexibility), network infrastructure and market rules. Based on a systematization of empirical evidence and scenario analysis up to 2035, the author of the article shows that AI generates a long-lasting structural impulse: it increases baseload demand, accelerates the real location of investments towards low-carbon "long-duration" capacity and makes storage systems and hourly attribution of energy origin critically important. The main conclusion is derived from three realistic scenarios ("Rapid Growth", "High Efficiency", "Slower Growth") expressed in a unified set of metrics: node baseload, the share of low-carbon coverage in incremental demand, the ability of the network to accept and transmit energy without curtailment and the levelized cost of a round-the-clock supply profile.
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